Synchrophasing system



June 18, 1940. KALIN 2,205,265

SYNGHROPHASING srsrsu Original Fild .ay 24, 195" 2 ShBBtS-Sheet 1 June 18, 1940. A, KALlN l 2,205,265 A smcunormsme ssrxu v original Find ua'y 24, 1957 2 511.815.5118 2 Patented June 18,- 1940 UNITED STATES SYNCHROPHASING SYSTEM Albert Kalin, Rockford, Ill., assigner to Woodward Governor Company, Rockford, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application May 24, 1937, serial No. 144,442

Renewed June 5, i939 23 Claims.

This invention relates to a. synchrophssing system for synchronizing and phasing` two or more prime movers such as steem turbines, ele@l 'tric motors, Diesel and other internal combustion. sofinco,

This tion is e continus-tion in part 'my le application Serial No. '58h69, Bled Moy iin said earlier eppiicotion, ,Z disclosed o synohrophssng system applied to two moin propulsion engines of e multiple screw ship to synchronize the saine through inter-- connecte@ governors, so that ont desired instantaneous hose sosie could he maintained hetween the .n cronwshafts intiehnitely uo.- der normal melting; conditions. lit was else inm diceted that the System could be applied to prime movers generally, not only on ses-goinsg ships and yociits, out airplanes and dirigimos, enti wherever similar problem of synchronizing eno pleasing,y might ce presented, es, for exemple, the synehronizstion of various parts of s paper melting mochine, the synchronization of the pump-driving engines or motors in oil of' other, pipe lines, the reduction of vibration in a shipdue to unhelenced propeller action by off setting irregularity of one propeller against the irregularity of another by proper phase adjust ment thereof while in synchronism, etc. The present appiication is concerned with the seme system, but simpiy applied. to the synchronizing and. phasing or any desired number of subservient or subordinate units with a master unit.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drswings, in which- Figure i is o wiring; diagram of the system;

Fig. 2 is a skeleton diagram of Fig. 1, illustret ing one condition of operation where the two engines ere operating independently;

Fig. 3 is s similar skeleton diagram illustrating synchrophased operation of the two engines;

Fiss. 2a and 3o are other skeleton diagrams corresponding respectively to Figs. 2 and 3, but illustrating o master engine and two subservient engines instead of only one;

Fig. 3b is still another skeleton diagram similar to Fig. 3a, but showing a, further extension of the principle of synchrophaslng where there is one master engine and three subservient engines.

Similar reference numerals. are applied to corresponding parts throughout the views.

Referring first to Fig.`l, it should be understood that the two prime movers 6 and l which are to be controlled so as to operate in synf chronism and exact phase, or some special phase relationship desired. may be any o! the types previously mentioned in any of the installations referred to. ,For example, t and 'i they he the .mein propulsion engines oi s mnltipie screw ship, the crema-shafts t ond if being connected through the usuel transmission with the rropeiier screws for forward or reverse These moy he any type of internal comhost-ion engines out are here intended he of the Diesei type controilshie es 'to speed Toy operetio-n ci their throttles by of isochronous governors Ba d lo, se disclosed in me repenti- Lrg eppiestioo Serial trio. lg'lw i?, 31935:, new testent No., Edif? the iyheil mechanisms of ,j K,ich are the discloses". in seid op ere subject to adjustment regulate 'ti-ie s or" 'the engines hy increasing or ,e pressure of the Speeder springs the fry-hell mechanisms of the governors, es clearly set forth in said application. Iuirtherrnore, in 529 accordance with said application, the spessi edjustment for the governors is arranged to he effected hy ineens of C. positionereceivers or self-synchronizing motors to and lo, known commercially as selsyn7 motors. E and 3 designate the primary .ohci secondary of these motors, 82 in this case being the rotor end e the ststor, as diagrammaticelly illustrated in the drawings, i0 being the shaft connecting the rotor 8 with the Speeder spring adjustment in the associated governor. At il are indicated the three Wires which extend to the usuel three brushes of the rotor 8, and at i2 the three wires which extend from the stator, the motors tb and lh being what are known 'as differential type. Two other self-synchronizing motors or positiontransmitters 6c and 'ic of the differential type ere provided in e. control cabinet t3 for remote control of the motors 5b end 1b, respectiveiy, whereby to eect remote control of the governors 5a and le, respectively, as further described in the aforesaid application. The wires i2 interconnect the stators of motors 6b and to, on the one hand, and motors 'lb and 7c on the other hand, so that when the rotor of motor or position-transmitter 6c or 'ic is turned, the rotor of the associated motor or position-receiver 6b or lb will be turned correspondingly by reason o! the voltage induced by transformer action in the stator of the initial motor.

As disclosed in the parent application, e dial' or knob i4 is provided in connection with each of the motors or position-transmitters Sc and lc so that the rotors thereof may be turned by hand. Pinions Il turned with the dials and rotors by irictional connection therewith, as disclosed in my application Serial No. 78,869, mesh with a gear 2l arranged to be turned by a master control dial or knob 2l similarly frictionally connected therewith. For the present purpose it may be assumed that the pinions I I are frictionally mounted on their shafts, and the gear 2l is Irictionally mounted on its shaft with greater irictional resistance to turning relative to the shaft than either pinion'. The arrangement as fully described in the last named application issuch that either of the dials Il may be adjusted independently of the dial 2l, but, when the dial 2i is turned, the two dials il turn with it. In that way, one may slow down or speed up either engine by remote control by turning the associated dial il in a counter-clockwise direction in slowing down and in a clockwise direction in speeding up, the adjustment-oi' either dial leaving the adjustment of the other dial unaffected. If both dials are turned simultaneously in a clockwise direction, the engines will accordingly be speeded up simultaneously, and vice versa. The dial 2l is used for speeding up or slowing down both engines simultaneously.

The synchronization of the engines should be clear from the foregoing description, and I shall now describe how the engines may be brought into phase so that the cranks of the shafts 6' and i" will have 'the same instantaneous singularity. This is accomplished by providing standard selisynciironizing generators or position-transmitters i3d; and ld, the primary or rotor 25 of each of which is driven by the engine through any suitable power taire-off, although a direct connection is shown at 2S with the crank-shaft. The two wires shown at 2i' connected to two brushes engaging the rotor'25 are connected with a source 28 of li() volt, 60 cycle, alternating current. The secondary or stator 29 has three wires extending therefrom, as indicated at 30, connected with the wires li, previously referred to, whereby to afford a source of excitation for the motors Sb and 1b. The wires 3G also extend to the control cabinet i3 where the wires from one of the positiontransmitters Ed--ld are connected with the stator 32 of a differential self-synchronizing motor or position-receiver 3l, thewires B from the other position-transmitter being connected with the brushes cooperating with the rotor 33 of the position-receiver 3l. The armature shaft 34 of the motor has a pointer or needle 35 turning with respect to a dial 36 on the front panel 23 of the control cabinet. When one of the engines is operated alone, the needle 35 turns at the same speed as the crankshat, owing to the fact that the rotor is electrically coupled with the rotor 33 by interconnection of position-transmitters 6d and ld with position receiver 3|. Now, if the other engine is started running, the needle 35 will slow down more and more as the second engine is speeded up more and more until finally when the second engine reaches the same speed as the iirst engine, the needle 35 will stand still. Furthermore, the position at which the needle JB comes to a standstill is an indication of the angle relationship of the cranks of the two engines; in the 12 oclock" position, indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, the corresponding cranks of shafts S' and l have the same instantaneous angle, that is, they are exactly in phase. One can by manipulation of the dials Il speed up one ,engine to match the speed of the other, or slow down one engine to the speed of the other to bring the needle 35 to a regulation stand-still.V Then after the needle has been brought to a'standstilLif it happens to be say at a 3 oclock or 9 oclock" position, showing a cranloshait angle diilerence of 90 between the two engines, it is obvious that the two engines can be brought into phase as well as synchronism by momentarily varying the speed of either one or both engines. In particular, if the engines are in synchronism, but out of phase, with the crank shaft o f engine l leading that oi' the engine 1 then the speed of the engine U can be momentarily checked and then returned to its previous speed. This momentary checking of the speed of the engine l will, of course, cause its crank shaft to occupy a somewhat more delayed angular position. In this way the angular position of the crank shaft o! engine l with respect to that oi' the engine 1 can be gradually changed until the needle II indicates that the two are in phase. Similarly, under the conditions assumed, the engine l could be momentarily speeded up and then returned to its previous speed setting with a consequent change in the angular position of its crank shaft with respect to that of the engine i, so that the two crank shafts are finally brought into phase by this type of adjustment.. If desired, the two engine speeds may be momentarily changed in opposite senses simultaneously so as to more quickly accomplish the desired phasing operation. In any event, the engines are finally restored to their previous speeds so that they will continue to operate in synchronism as they were doing at the beginning of the phasing operation.

In the parent application, the control of the engines i and l was considered primarily with relation to the requirements when the engines are used as the main propulsion engines of a multiple screw ship, or the like, and I disclosed in that application how the speed of the two units was kept balanced and how any desired instantaneous phase angle between the crank-shafts could be maintained indeiinitely in any ordinary seaway without any need for manual control or In the present case, however, the system is modiiled to such an extent that the two engines no longer merely match one another, but the one engine becomes the "master" and the other the subordinate or subservient" engine, and, as will presently appear, the master engine may have any number of engines subordinate thereto. It is only for the sake of simplicity that only onesubordinate engine C is shown in Fig. l with the master engine 1.

28' in Fig. 1 designates a source oi' direct current supply similarly as in the parent application, and switches Se and le in the line 2l' are normally held open by springs 38, but are arranged to be closed automatically when the engines are on governor control, l! representing a f connection between each governor and its related switch, holding the switch closed against the action of its spring Il. Two push-button switches 4l and l! are also included :n the line Il', the former being normally closed and the latter normally open. These switches are provided on the panel 23 of the control cabinet, and two electric lights 4l' and Il are provided adjacent the same, the former Va green light and the latter a red light, for signal purposes. When the two engines are operating on governor control, a circuit is completed through .the green light 4l. The switch I9, when closed, completes' a circuit through a solenoid Il to shift the switch Il against the action of its spring I! from the full line position shown in Fig. 1 to the dotted line thrown Aback underspring action to the full line position. The three wires at 55 and 56 are connected to the wires'30 leading to the motor 3|. These wires are connected to the terminals on one side of the switch 5I, the wires 55 continuing, as at 56', for connection with the motor Ic.- and other wires 51 being provided between the termig nals on the other side of the switch 5I-and the Acontrol in these respects:

motor 6c.

In operation, viewing Figs. l and 2 the light 4B signals that both engines 6 and I are on separate gov'ernor control, the switches Se and 'Ie being closed automatically by thevgovernors so lo'ng as they are controlling the engine throttles. The red light 49' appears only when the switch 4 9 isclosed to interconnect the governor of engine 5 with the governor of engine 1, as in Fig. 4 andas indicated in dotted lines at 5I in Fig. 1. Before the switch 48 is closed and while the switch 5I is still in the full line position, it is apparent that rotation of dial 4 of say motor 5c will result in turning the rotor of motor 6b, the current induced in the stator of motor 8c flowing through wires I2 to stator 9 of motor 6b and causing a turning of rotor 8 thereof, sincethe latter is connected through wires II, 30, 55, and 51 to the rotorof motor 6c. Thus, the engines are separately and independently controllable under these conditions, as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 2. When` the switch 49 is closed to throw switch 5I to the dotted line position, engine 6 is subordinated to engine 1, as illustrated diagram'matically in Fig. 3. Under these conditions, if the engine 6 at the moment the switch 5I is closed happens to be operated at some speed higher or lower than the speed of engine `I, it is promptly synchronized. For example, if engine 6 is turning at say 1200 R. P. M., whereas engine I is turning at 1600 R. P. M., engine 6 is promptly speeded' up to 1600 R. P. M., because the crank-shaft generator 'Id is not only connected with its governor motor 'Ib and related motor 1c, but also with the governor notor 5b and associated motor 6c. The circuit, based on the assumption that engine `I is turning at a faster speed than engine 6, as indicated by the turning of the needle 35 at motor 3|. is as' follows: From the stator 29 of the generator 1d through the wires 30 and 56 through switch 5I and wires 51 to motor 6c, and through wires I2 to stator 9 of motor Bb, whereby to vproduce a plus adjustment of the governor '6a and accordingly speed up the engine 6. The system is then fully automatic, but is still subject to manual The speed of the engines may be increased or decreased by turning the dial 2l, or one may manipulate the dials I4 to obtain the precise crank-shaft angle relationship desired, or onemay throw the system out of automatic control instantly by pressing the button 48. It should also be clear from the foregoing description that, whereas the parent application disclosed a system in which the speed o f two engines was kept balanced to prevent one green was labor-lng under added load, the present system is designed to have the speed of the subordinate engine or engin matched with the speed of the master engine, and. whereas the parent applicationdisclosed a system in which the Acrank-shafts of two engineswere either maintained at the same instantaneous phase angle or aty some desired phase angle relationship, the present system discloses the keeping of one or more subordinate enginesin step with the master engine. This present system is therefore ap-A plicable to a great variety of uses. For example.

a number of pump driving engines or motors in oil and 'other pipe lines can be "tied together" and kept operating in step so that the surges cccur in a relationship favorable to greatly increased gallonage while still operating the line well with- I problems that 'demand the application of this sort of a system are present. l, In Figs. 2a and 3a I have illustrated diagrammatically similar conditions toA those illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, but applied to a system where there are two subordinate-engines or vmotors and one master engine or motor. Mr designates the crank-shaft selsyn of the master unit M and Si VAand Sz designate the crank-shaft selsyns of the two subordinate units, S, Mr corresponding to the generator or position-transmitter 1d, previously described,.and S1 and Sz each corresponding to the generator or position-transmitter 6d, previously described. The differential selsyns Sla and 3|!) each correspond to the motor 3I, previously described, and serve to indicate dierence in speed, if any, between the units and also phase angle relationship.' The other motors have been marked 6c, 1c, 6b, and 1b to correspond with the numbering ol' corresponding motors in Figs.-2 and 3. In Fig. 2a, the individual units M and S are separately controlled by their governors similarly as the units 6 and I in Fig. 2, and any difference in speed or difference in phase angle is shown at 3Ia and SIb. By cross-connecting the governor control motors of the subordinate units with the master unit, as in Fig. 3a, the subordinate units S are kept in step with the master unit -M similarly as the unit 6 in Fig. 3 is kept in step with the unit 1.

Fig. 3b is similar to Fig. 3a and illustrates the synchrophasing of three subordinate units S with the master unit M in a similar manner, and, of course, while only three subordinate units are shown, any desired number of subordinate units may be kept in step with a master unit, in accordance with the present invention.

While the invention has been described and illustrated as a completely electrical system ofsynchrophasing. it should be understood that all mechanical apparatus for producing similar operations herein obtained by electrical apparatus are considcredas coming properly within the spirit and scope of the present invention. An example of this is the electrical coupling herein of two differential selsyn motors 6b and 6c, and Ib and 1c. either of which pairs might be replaced by differential gearing in an analogous mechanical apparatus, a differential self-synchronizing electric motor being the equivalent of a differential gear device, the same being a means for transmitting motion diiferentially. The appended claims have accordingly been drawn with a view to covering all legitimate modifications and adaptations.

I claim:

i. In combination, a plurality of prime movers,

one of which is adapted to operate as a master and the other or others subordinate thereto, governors for the master and subordinate prime movers each having a speed adjustment, means driven in synchronism with the prime movers to indicate their relative speeds, manually operable means for operating saidspeed adjustments, each of those for the subordinate prime movers being operable alone to adjust the speed of its associated prime mover into synchronism with the master. the first-mentioned means including a dierential having a central movable indicating element which indicates when motionless the synchronism of the prime movers and their instantaneous phase relationship, and the last-mentioned means being operable simultaneously to adjust the prime movers into -a desired phase relationship, and means responsive to a deviation from a preselected phase relation between said subordinates and said master prime mover for effecting a compensating adjustment in said governor speed adjustments to restore the phase relation toits preselected value.

2. 'In combination, a plurality of prime movers, one of which is adapted to operate as a master and the other or others subordinate thereto, governors for the master and subordinate prime.

movers each having a speed adjustment, differential devices each connected on opposite sides with the master and a subordinate prime mover to operate in synchronism therewith and having a central movable indicating element to indicate any relative speed between said prime movers, and differential devices connected on opposite sides of each of the aforesaid differentials to the related prime movers, one of which devices is arranged in the event of relative speed between the master and a subordinate prime mover to eifect a compensating adjustment of the governor for the subordinate prime mover to restore synchronism and a desired phase relationship.

3. The combination set forth in claim 2, including two manually operable means in connection with each first mentioned differential for operating the related speed adjustments individually or simultaneously, the central movable indicating element of the differential serving to indicate when motionless the synchronism of the prime movers and their instantaneous phase relationship, and the last-mentioned devices being operable to adjust the prime movers into a desired phase relationship.

4. In combination, a plurality of rotating members to be operated in synchronism and a certain phase relationshipl so that one' of said members operates as a master and the other or others are subordinate thereto, separate speed controls for the master and subordinate members, dierential devices each connected on opposite sides with vthe master and a subordinate member to operate in synchronism therewith and having a central movable indicating element to indicate any relative speed between said members, and differential devices connected on opposite sides of each o! the aforesaid differentials to the related rotating members, one of which devices is arranged in the event of relative speed between the master and a subordinate member to eiIect a compensating adjustment of the speed control for the subordinate member to restore synchronism anda desired phase relationship.

5. The combination set forth in claim 4, including two manually operable means in connection with each rst mentioned diiferential for operating the correlated speed controls individually or simultaneously, the central movable indicating element of the differential serving to indicate when motionless the synchronism of the members and their instantaneous phase relationship. and the last-mentioned devices being operable to adirilst the members into a desired phase relation- 6. In a synchrophasing system, the combination of a plurality of prime movers, one of which ,is adapted to operate as a master and the other or others subordinate thereto, anisochronous governor operatively connected with each of the master and subordinate prime movers, a manually operable remote control means for adjusting each of L,said governors whereby to bring the subordinate prime movers into synchronism and phase with the master,v and differential type means whereby the last-mentioned/mea'ns for each subordinate prime mover is arranged to be connected with the master prime mover to eiect compensating governor adjustment of the subordinate governors and maintain a desired phase relationship.

7. In a synchrophasing system, the combination of a plurality ot prime movers. one of which is adapted to operate as a master and the other or others subordinate thereto, an isochronous .governor operatively connected with each of the master and subordinate prime movers, means whereby said governors are arranged to be automatically adjusted in the event of speed change on the prime movers, and means arranged to eifect compensating governor adjustment of the subordinate prime mover or prime movers in the event of a governor adjustment of the master prime mover so as to maintain a predetermined phase relationship.

8. A system of controlling phase relationship of prime movers and other rotating members comprising governors for a master prime mover4 and one or more subordinate prime movers, each governor having a speed adjustment, means driven in synchronism with the prime movers to indicate relative speeds between each subordinate prime mover and the master, means associated with the synchronously driven means to effect a change in governor speed adjustment whereby to adjust and maintain desired phase relationship between the prime movers, manually operable means for actuating the speed adjustments of the several governors, either of -said manually operable means being operable alone to adjust a subordinate prime mover into synchronism and desired phase relationship with the master, the means for indicating the relative speeds of the prime movers including an element which when motionless indicates the synchronism of the prime movers whose relative speeds are to be indicated, and also indicates their instantaneous phase relationship, the manually operable means for adjusting each governor to bring the subordinate prime movers or rotating members into synchronism and-phase with the master being remote control means, and means whereby each subordinate remote control means is arranged to be connected with the master governor to eect compensating governor adjustment of the subordianimales4 nate prime movers in the event of an automatic governor adjustment of the master. v

9. In combination, a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers, a source ot alternating current supply, A. C. position generators synchronously driven by the associated prime movers and excited from said source, a governor for each of said prime movers having a speed adjustment and two dierential A. C.- position motors in remote relationship to one another but electrically connected with one another and with said generators for excitation, said motors comprising stators and rotors, one of said rotors being mechanically connected with the governor speed adjustment and the other rotor being man--- ualiy rotatable whereby to elIect remote manual control oi' the related prime mover, a device between the master and each subordinate prime mover operable diii'erentially to indicate relative speed or synchronism as well as phase. relationship during synchronism, said devices being connected so as to be driven from opposite sides o! its diierential mechanism by the master and subordinate prime movers, and means ior electrically interconnecting the motors of each subordinate prime mover with the generator of the master whereby to maintain a desired phase relationship in the system.

10. In combination, a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers. a source of alternating current supply, A. C. position generators synchronously driven by the associated prime movers and excited from said source, a

' speed control means for each prime mover and two dierential A. C. position motors in remote relationship to one another but electrically connected with one another and with said generators for excitation, said motors comprising stators and rotors, one oi said rotors being mechanically connected with the speed control means and the other rotor being manually rotatable to4 effect remote manual control of the related prime mover, and a third A. C. position motor comprising a rotor and stator, one oi' which is electrically connected with the master generator and the other of which is electrically connected with the subordinate generator, and means for electrically interconnecting one or more sets of motors related to subordinate prime movers with the master generator, whereby to maintain the subordinate prime movers in a desired phase relationship with the master.

ll. In combination, a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supply, A. C. position generators synchronously driven by the associated prime movers and excited from said source, a speed control means for each prime mover and two differential A. C. position motors in remote relationship to one another but electrically connected with one another and with said generators for excitation, said motors comprising stators and rotors, one of said rotors being mechanically connected with the speed control means and the other rotor being manually rotatable to effect remote manual control of the related prime mover, an electrical device between each subordinate prime mover and the master operating ditlerentially to indicate relative speed or synchronism as well as phase relationship during synchronism, said device being connected on` opposite sides to the generators of the master and subordinate' prime movers, and means for electrically interconnecting one or more sets of motors related to subordinate prime movers with the Amaster set,

vwhereby to maintain the subordinate prime movers in a desired phase relationship with the master.

12. In a control, system of the character described, al master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers adapted to be keptln a .desired phase relationship with the master, a source of alternating .current supply, A. C. position generators synchronously driven by the associated prime movers and excited from said source,

' speed control means for said master-and subordinate prime movers. an A. C. position motor associated with each speed control means-and electrically connected with the associated generator, the same comprising a stator, and afrotor operatively connected with the speed .control means, a manual control A. C. position motor electrically connected with each of said- 'first motors and comprising a stator, and a rtor manually vrotatable, and means for interchangeably electrically connecting the related motors and generators for independent manual control of the various prime movers, or electrically connecting the motors associated withthe subordinate prime movers with the generator associated with the master prime mover so as to maintain the subordinate prlme movers inv a'desired phase relationship with the master prime mover.

13. A synchrophasing system comprising inA combination with`a plurality of prime movers. one of which constitutes the master and the other or others subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supply speed control means for the master and subordinate prime movers. electric motors for operating the speed control means each having a pair oi relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is mechanically connected with the associated speed control means, remote control devices for the speed control means each comprising an electric motor having a pair of relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is adapted to be turned manually to effect corresponding rotation of the adjusting motor of the associated speed control means. generators excited from the aforesaid source and driven in synchronism with the master and subordinate prime movers each connected electrically with one oi' the elements of the related speed control adjusting motor, means electrically connecting the master control motor with the master generator and master speed control motor, and means for electrically connecting each subordinate control motor with the master generator, its subordinate speed control motor and its subordinate generator, whereby the subordinate prime movers are kept in a desired phase relationship with the master prime mover.

' 14. A synchrophasing system as set forth in claim 13. including means interconnecting the remote control devices forthe master and a subordinate prime mover for simultaneous adjustment in either direction. said means being so constructed as to permit independent adjustment of either device in either direction without disturbing the adjustment of the other device.

1.5.' A synchrophasing system comprising in combination with a plurality of prime movers, one of which constitutes the master and the other or others subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supplyspeed control means for the master and subordinate prime movers, electric motors for operating the speedcontrol means each having a pair of relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is mechanically connected with the associated speed control means, remote control devices i'or the speed control means each comprising an electric motor having a pair oi' relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one o! which is adapted to be turned manually to eiIect corresponding rotation of the adjusting motor oi the associated speed control means, generators excited from the aforesaid source and driven in synchronism with the master and subordinate prime movers each connected electrically with one of the elements of the related governor adjusting' motor, a dinerential device between each subordinate prime mover and the master driven from opposite sides by the subordinate and master prime movers and including a rotatable pointer, the rotation of which indicates relative speed and the position when stationary indicates synchronism and phase relationship between said prime movers, means electrically connecting the master control motor with the master generator and master governor motor, and means for electrically connecting each subordinate control motor with the master generator. its'subordinate speed control motor and its subordinate generator, whereby the subordinate prime movers are kept in a desired phase relationship with the master prime mover.A

16. A synchrophasing system as set forth in claim 15, including means interconnecting the remote control devices for the master and a subordinate prime mover for simultaneous adjustment in either direction, said means being so constructed as to permit independent adjustment of either device in either direction without' dis-- turbing the adjustment of the other device.

17. A synchrophasing system comprising in combination with a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers adapted to operate in synchronism and a desired phase relationship with the master, throttle control devices for the master and subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supply, electric motors for operating the throttle control devices each having a pair'of relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is connected with the associated throttle control device, remote control devices for the throttle control devices each comprising an electric motor having a pair of relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is adapted to be turned manually to effect corresponding rotation of the related electromagnetic element in the throttle adjusting motor associated therewith, generators excited from the aforesaid source and driven in synchronism with the master and subordinate prime movers, each connected electrically with one of the elements of the related throttle adjusting motor, means electrically connectingv the master control motor with the master generator and master throttle motor, and means for electrically connecting each subordinate control motor with the master generator, its subordinate governor motor and its subordinate generator, whereby the subordinate prime movers are kept in synchronism and a desired phase relationship with the master prime mover.

18. A synchrophasing system comprising in combination with a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers adapted to operate in synchronism and a desired phase relationship with the master, throttle control devices for the master and subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supply electric motors for operating the throttle control devices each having a pair of relatively rotatable electromagnetic elements, one of which is connected with the associated throttle control device. remote control devices for the throttle control devices each comprising an electric'motor having a pair of relatively rotatable electromagnetic. elef ments, one of which is adapted to be turned manually to eil'ect corresponding rotation oi the related electromagnetic element in the throttle adjusting motor associated therewith, generators excited from the aforesaid source and ldriven in synchronism with the master and subordinate prime movers, each connected electrically with one of the elements of the related throttle adjusting motor, a differential device between the master and each subordinate prime mover driven from opposite sides by the master and subordinate prime movers and including a rotatable pointer. the rotation of whichindicates relative speed and the stationary position of which indicates synchronism and phase relationship between the prime movers, means electrically connecting the master control motor with the master generator and master throttle motor, and means for electrically connecting each subordinate control motor with the master generator, its subordinate governor motor and its subordinate generator, whereby the subordinate prime movers are kept in synchronism and a desired phase relationship with the master prime mover.

19. In combination, a master prime mover and one or more subordinate prime movers, a source of alternating current supply, A. C. position generators synchronously driven by the associated prime movers and excited from said source. an electrical synchronism and phase indicator between the master and each subordinate prime mover comprising stator and rotor elements, one of which is electrically connected with the master generator and the other with the subordinate generator, an isochronous governor for each of said prime movers having a speed adjustment, means for operating the speed adjustment for 'the master governor. and a differential self-synchronizing motor for operating the speed adjustment of each subordinate governor, each of said motors comprising rotor and stator elements, one

of which is electrically connected with the associated subordinate generator and the other of which is connected with the master generator.

20. In a synchrophasing system, the combination of a plurality oi prime movers, one of which is adapted to operate as a master and the other or others subordinate thereto, speed control means operatively connected with each of the master and subordinate prime movers, a manually operable remote control means ior adjusting each of the speed control means whereby to bring the subordinate prime movers into synchronism and phase with the master, and dierential type means whereby the last-mentioned means ior each subordinate prime mover is arranged to be connected with the master prime mover-tn eiect compensating adjustment of the subordinate speed control means and maintain a desired phase relationship.

2l. In combination, a plurality of prime movers.

ators. said motors each having an indicating needle turning with the rotor to indicate relative speed between each subordinate prime mover and the master. said generators also constituting sources oi' electrical current supply for the ilrst mentioned motors, and means providing electrical connections between the master-generator and the motors for the speed control means of the subordinate prime movers associated with theother generators, and other differential self-synchronizing electric motors each electrically connected in series with a motor operating speed control means and having means for manually rotating the rotor thereof. the indicating needle or needles operated by the second named differential motor or motors serving to indicate when motionless the synchronism of subordinate prime movers with the master and their instantaneous phase relationship, and the last-mentioned means being operable to adjust subordinate prime movers into a desired phase relationship with the master.

22. In combination, a plurality of rotatable prime movers to be operated in synchronism and a certain phase relationship so that one of said prime movers operates as a master and the other or others as subordinate thereto; an individually adjustable speed control governor associated with each of said prime movers; a differential positionreceiver drlvingly connected to each of said ad- Justable governors; a position-transmitter driven by each of said prime movers; means electrically connecting one side of each of said differential position-receivers with the position-transmitter driven by its associated prime mover: means electrically connecting the other side of each of the differential position-receivers of the subordinate prime movers with the position-transmitter associated with the master prime mover; and means including an intermediate differential type position-transmitter electrically connecting the other side of the remaining one of the differential position-receivers, which is associated with the master prime mover, with the.; position-transmitter driven by the master prime mover.

23. In combination, a plurality of rotatable members to be operated in synchronism and a certain phase relationship so that one of said members operates as a master and the others as subordinate thereto; an individually adjustable speed control device for each of said members; a differential position-receiver drivingly connected to each of said adjustable speed control devices; a position-transmitter driven by each of said members; means electrically connecting one side of each of said differential position-receivers with the position-transmitter driven by its associated member; means electrically connecting the other side of each of the differential positionreceivers of the subordinate members with the position-transmitter associated with the master member; and means electrically connecting the other side ot the remaining differential positionreceiver, which is associated with the master member, with the position-transmitter driven by the master member.

' ALBERT KALIN.

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION; Patent No. 2,205,265. June 18, 191m. -ALBERT KALIN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed speci-fic ation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5, second column, line 14,1, after the word ,motoxm insert --or positionreceiver; page Il, first column, line 25, claim 1, strike out "simultaneously" page first eolumn, lines 12 and 2l,v claim 15, for "governor" read --speed Control; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read`with this correetion therein that the same may conform to the record ofv the case in the Patent Office.

Sign'ed and sealed this 5rd day of September, A. D. 19140. v

n n Henry Van Arsdale, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents,

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION;

Patent No. 2,205,265. v f June 18, 19m.v

ALBERT KALIN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specific ation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page, second column, line )4.1, after the word 'motor" insert --or positionreceiver; page 14 first column, line 25, claim l, strike out "simultaneously" page first Column, lines 12 and 21, claim 15, for "governor" read --speed control; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read`with this correctionl therein that the same may conform to the record of. the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5rd day of September, A. D. 19L|.O. v

. :Henry Van Arsdale, (Seal) C Acting Commissioner of Patents 

